I agree -- you'll never get the rivets tight enough to hold.
The gear is held by friction between the gear and the carrier (?), as it is not simply shear strength of the rivets that you have to be concerned with.
When I put new gears in my '35 Standard, my automotive engineer cousin convinced me to get the (1/4"?) holes in the gear bored out, and use larger bolts than would fit in the rivet holes.
A high-quality bit on a milling machine (with lots of cutting fluid!) got the job done on the gear, then I put in about 3/8" grade 8 bolts, tightened to just under the point of failure.
As I recall the mating holes in the carrier were already larger.
Hope this helps.